The instrument used to record earthquake vibrations is called a seismograph. Seismograph consists of two kinds, namely horizontal seismograph and vertical seismograph.
Richter is an expert on earthquakes (seismologists) of the United States, at first he introduced this scale in 1935. furthermore, the scale is used widely around the world. Written on the Richter scale vibration strength, intensity, and the consequences thereof.
Richter ScaleMagnitude: <3.0Intensity: InstrumentalAs a result: only detected by seismographs.
3.0 to 3.4WeakOnly felt by those who are sensitive.
3.5 to 4.0SmallSimilar to the vibration caused by passing large trucks.
4.1 to 4.4ModerateShaking things hanging.
4.5 to 4.8SmartishWaking a sleeping person.
4.9 to 5.4StrongTrees sway, partly collapsed, and objects falling off.
5.5 to 6.0Very strongThe walls cracked.
6.1 to 6.5RuinChimney collapsed and several buildings collapsed.
6.6 to 7.0DestroyMost of the buildings collapsed.
7.1 to 7.3DisastrousGround cracks and landslides.
7.4 to 8.1So bring disasterOnly a few buildings still stand, railway tracks and broken underground pipes.
> 8.1IncredibleEverything was razed to the ground.
Mercalli ScaleIn addition to the Richter scale, those Mercalli scale. Here Mercalli scale that has adapted to the conditions in Indonesia.
Grade IDescription: vibration can not be felt unless in exceptional circumstances by some people.
Degree IIVibration is felt some people were silent, especially at the top level. Lightweight objects hanging rock.
Grade IIINoticeable vibration felt in the house. Vehicles that stop moving as if it was a truck passing. The length can be observed.
Degree IVIn the event during the day, many people in the house and a few people outside the home feel vibrations. If the night some people awake. Glassware and the door creaked. Moving parked vehicles.
Degrees VVibration is felt by almost everyone, those who sleep wake. Antique glassware bounced. Poles, trees, and the like seemed swayed strong. The clock can be stopped.
VI DegreesMost people panic run out because everyone felt a strong vibration. Minor damage to the smokestacks. Desk chair move and plaster walls apart.
Degrees VIIAll the people out of the house. Mild to moderate damage to the building is strong. Broken chimney. Tasted by people who were aboard the vehicle.
Degrees VIIIDamage to building strong relationships with holes cracks. Damage to the building was not strong. Walls can be separated from the frame house. Collapsed chimneys and monuments. The desk chair was thrown, the water becomes murky, and disrupted people ride motorcycles.
Degrees IXDamage to building strong and holes, bent frame house, the location of the pipe in the ground to shift and break.
The degree of XBuilding a house of broken wood, frame houses off foundations, cracked ground, curved rail, cliffs and river banks landslides and floods.
Degrees XIFew buildings standing, the bridge is broken, cracked ground and slid, twisted railroad tracks and broken pipes in the ground entirely.
Degrees XIIThe surface of the earth was destroyed and looks bumpy. Blurred scenery and objects thrown into the air.
