The atmosphere consists of nitrogen gas mixture reached 78%, while about 21% oxygen. In addition, there are also other gases are smaller in number.
The atmosphere is a collection of gas that surrounds the earth. Gas is on the earth because of gravity. The atmosphere near the Earth's surface that is solid and the higher its increasingly tenuous.
The atmosphere consists of several layers. The layers of the atmosphere are as follows:a. Troposphere, is the bottom layer with an average altitude of 0-10 km. In the equatorial region at 18 km altitude in the polar regions, while 8 km. In this layer contains a lot of water vapor and carbon dioxide resulting in the formation of clouds and rain. In the troposphere temperature decreases occurred gradient, ie each rose 1 km temperature drops 6.5 degrees Celsius up to -57 degrees Celsius.b. The stratosphere, the second layer with a height of 10-40 km. In the equatorial layer is very thin, while the lining is very thick at the poles. This layer contains a lot of ozone gas. This layer protects the Earth from ultraviolet radiation.c. Mesosphere layer, a third layer with a height of 40-70 km. In this layer there are ions derived from ultraviolet rays meeting with negatively charged electricity. In this layer temperature rise and then decline after approaching the next layer of the atmosphere.d. Thermosphere layer, a fourth layer with a height of 70-400 km and contains a lot of carbon dioxide and ozone. In this layer, the temperature rises to 1010 degrees centigrade due to collisions of gas molecules are ionized. This layer serves as a reflector of radio waves is very important in the field of telecommunications.e. Layer of the exosphere, a fifth layer (outer) with a height of 400-900 km. The influence of the force of gravity felt very small and the gas layer is very thin gaseous hydrogen (H). This layer is the demarcation between the earth outer space.
